Lower esophageal ring

Definition

A lower esophageal ring is an abnormal ring of tissue that forms where the esophagus (the tube from the mouth to the stomach) and stomach meet.

Alternative Names

Esophagogastric ring; Schatzki's ring

Causes

A lower esophageal ring is a birth defect of the esophagus that occurs in a small number of people. It causes narrowing of the lower esophagus.

Narrowing of the esophagus may also be caused by:

Injury
Tumors
Esophageal stricture

Symptoms

For most people, lower esophageal ring does not cause symptoms.

The most common symptom is the feeling that food (especially solid food) is stuck in the lower neck or under the breastbone (sternum).

Exams and Tests

Tests that show the lower esophageal ring include:

EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
Upper GI (x-ray with barium)

Treatment

A device called a dilator is passed through the narrowed area to stretch the ring. Sometimes, a balloon is placed in the area and inflated, to help widen the ring.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Swallowing problems may return. You may need repeat treatment.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if you have swallowing problems.

References

Long JD, Orlando RC. Anatomy, histology, embryology, and developmental anomalies of the esophagus. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2010: chap 41.

Review Date: 10/8/2012
Reviewed By: George F. Longstreth, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Diego, California. Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, David R. Eltz, and Stephanie Slon.

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